Automatic water-heater.



B; E.. MEAGHAM. AUTOMATIC WATER HEATER* APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 30, 15109.

l l 31 Patented Dec. 23, 1913.

ff 5 SHEETS-SHEET 1. Milf/'Q j,

3l/Witnesses Y" il A 'l y l KMX/wml B.' E. MBAGHAM.

AUTOMATIC WATER HEATERi APPLICATION FILED SBPT.30, 1909.

LUQASL SHEET 2.

muenl'oz Patented Deggg, w1

*M i u: QFEETS B. E. MEACHAM.

AUTOMATIC WATER HEATER. APPLICATION HLM) gsm. so, 190s..

Patented Dec.`23, i913.

B'. E. B/EAOHMQ.V

Auromm WATER HEATER.

v APPLICATION FILED SEP'I,30,1909. Lq l 3.@ a Patented Beo. 23, .1913.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

6229i blames E. 1-3A MBAGHAM. AUTOMATIC WATER HEATER. APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 80, 1909.

5 SHEETS-SHEET l 3 Patented me. 23, 1913.

lflow of cold water through the, heater in untrue STATES PATENT orrioij.

BENJAMIN E. MEAOHAM, 0F LORAIN, OHIO, ASSIGNOR T0 AMEBICABTOVEUOMP'NY,

` 0F ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI.

AUTOMATIC VVATEBHEATER.`

v-a heater which automatically controls the flow of'gas tothe burner and the flow of water to the spigot and thus retard the starting. The retarding or 4holding back' of the water in theheater allows 1t to become heated more quickly, saving fuel and Saving the drawing ofy a large quantity of cold, or partmlly heated, water before hot lwateris obtained, 'as 1s the case 1n other y heaters'of this character.

Another object of my invention is to provide a more` simple, cheap and effective heater of this character.

In the accompanying drawings: Figure l is a side elevation of a waiter. heater-showing my invention applied thereto. Fig. 2 lis, an enlarged vertical sectional view of the lwater and gas regulating valves. Fig. 3 is a transverse sectional viewtaken on the line 3-.3 of Fig. 2. Fig. 3n is a top planl view of Fig. Jl, 'showing the casing broken away.

Fig.' 4 `is a side elevation of a. modified form .l of heater. Fig. 5 -is an enlarged horizontal 5o j which is of the usual structure and needs no yfurther description. In heaters of this charsectional view of the water and gas regu- 'lating valve of the modification shown in Fig. 4. Fig. 6 is a transverse sectional viewsed taken on the line 6-6 of Fig. 4. Fig. 7 is a transverse sectional view -talten on the line 7 7 of Fig. 5. Fig. 8 is an enlarged perspective view of the gas valve operating piston of" the modification shown in Figs. 4 to 8, inclusive.

Referring now to the drawings, l represents the usual vertical drum or casing of heaters 'of this character in which is ar- -ranged the water pipe coil 2, and below which is arranged the gas burner 3, all of attcr. the burners vare arrangedin a concen- Specification of Letters atent.

tric row below the coil, and there is a' pilot A raremea Dec. 23,1913.

Application filed-September 30, 1999.' Serial No. 520,243.-

light e always burning, whereby the main burners are lighted Iwhen the gas supply 'thcreforis opened. Heretofore heaters of this character have been so arranged that the water Vsupply controlled the gas supply and in turning on the water supply there was a full flow ofcold water through the `heater for a period of time beorethe hot water was supplied. -In my improved heater the flow of water is nearly entirely cut ofi3 until it has been sufficiently heated whena full flow Yof Water is permitted and thus avoiding the waste of waterand fuel.

The coil is supplied with cold water at its upper end from a pipe A, and the water is discharged from the coil through a pipe B.-

My improved Vregulator C is vertically disposed beside the drum and is formed of a. tube- D, having its lower end ,connected to heated water therefrom. The upper end of the tube D, has secured thereto by the coupling E the spherical member F, and the upper end of the member F is externally threaded at G and having screwed thereon the cylinder H, which, as shown, is in communication with lthe tube through the' form so as to give a broad bearing surface with the cylinder and for other purposes which will be hereinafter more full)Y described, rlhe lower end of lthe piston is internally screw-threaded `at L, and to which is screwed the upper end of `'the ysaucershaped member M, which 'is adapted to reciproeate with the piston. The tube Dis secured at its lower end to a coupling N to which is also connected the hot water discharge pipe B from the coil 2.

Secured and screwed to the saucer-shaped member M, is a copper tube 0, which has its lower end extending downward-ly within the tube D and hasscrewed therein a plug P. This tube O, as lbefore stated, is 'made of copper, which is alfected by the temperature Athe pipe B,y and said tube recelying the i 60 hereinafter more fully described.

of the water in the tube D, and therefore expands, as will be hereinafter more fully describe The piston K is provided with openings 5 Q, which are closed by valves R, but the connection between the valve and the openings is such that there is a slight leakage of .water around the valve the object of whlchl will also be 'hereina ter more fully 1o described. The valves R are carried by a plate S, which is provided with rods T, which extend through the piston and are provided at their lower ends with the transverse pins U. The piston is also provided l5 with a central upwardly -extendingnipple V, which is lilled with a fusible material, as indicated at-W. Resting upon the fusible material within the nipple is an enlarged head a of the piston rod whereby the piston rod isaheld against inward movement.

'lhe piston rod is retainedI in the nipple by means of-a cap b, which has at its lower end a laterally-turned portion cl Surrounding -the piston rod. J, is a coiled spring d, which has its upper end bearing against the end of the cylinder and the lower end surrounding the cap and bearing againstV the laterally turned portion c thereof. This spring as will be seen, effects a .downward pressure 3o upon the piston and holds it in its downward position against the pressure of the water. .The piston is provided on its lower face with a stud e 'to which is pivoted the armsf and f', by means of the spring. Tlie said stud is provided with the oblique openings e, whichcommunicate with the nipple.

` V, and which allows the fusible `material to pass therefrom when it has fused. The arms f and f have downwardly tur-ned in- 40 ner ends whloh bear against the plug L'carried by the porcelain tube'k. This tube la extends downwardly within the copper tube and isfrigidlyattached to the plug P carried by the copper tube O.

The stuffing box I has surrounding the same an arm j, which has pivoted at its outer end the curved lever In pivoted at j'. The outer or upper end of the arm is curved over the cylinflerand is'in a vertical aline 5o ment directly above the piston rod J,'and

adapted to be enga ed by the said rod. The lower end of the ever Ic is pivoted at lc to the arm Z. The arm j is supported by the gas valve case m at m.

-The gas valve case m is provided with a val-ve n seated by the spring a', and said valve case and valve being constructed in the same manner as the valve and yalve case in the modification; and which willl be The valve n is provided with a valve stem 0 passing through the stuffing box o and the outer end of the stem has screwed thereon the member p, having the circumferential groove p into which extends the lug Z carried by the arms Z. The outer ends of the arms f and f are bifurcated as clearly shown in Fi 3, of the drawings, and straddle the lro s T and bear upon the studs u.

The cylinder H adjacent its upper end is provided with an opening H', to which is connected the discharge pipe which leads to the spigot or other source of discharge. The valve case m is provided with a small pipe g, which leads Adown to the pilot light 4, and is at all times supplying gas thereto.

. The pilot light being at all times burning, the water being shut off so that no water can pass through the cylinder, the water pressure on each side of the piston will be the same and therefore the piston will be in positionjshown in Fig. 2 of the drawings.' When the spigot is opened the water pressure abfove the piston is released and `water pressure below the piston will move'4 the same upwardly causing the piston rod J to engagethe pivoted curved lever lc and rock the same on the 4pivot j. .The4 rockino' of the lever is will move the arm Z to the right which, in turn, moves the valve stem o moving the saine to the right and unseating the valve n. The'gasV is then allowed to flow th ough the pipe g to the pilot burners and by means of which .the main burner is lighted. The water in the coil is then becomin heated and the sli ht leakage aroundl the va ve R, allows the co water gradually to-low fromv thecylinder below the piston and the tube D is therefore filled with heated water. When .the water has become heated to a certain'degree the copper tube O expands or lengt-hens.` The porcelain tube h is not affected by the heat and therefore willl 'not be moved outwardly by any expansion'.

The hot water in the tube D `expands the tube O and -causes the porcelain tube/L to move downwardly with the tube O and allowing the valves R to move from the seats by the Water pressure to allow the heated water to pass from the heater: TheI distance between the head [L and the pivot g is therefore increased allowin the arms f and f to move upwardly by tie pressure of the water 'on the valve R and therefore the valves -areunseated by the ,pressure of the water and a full flow of water is permitted through the cylinder to the spigot. The pressure of the water on the lower face of the piston holds the same in an upward position and also holds the valves open. Shutting of the spigot causes an equal -pressure on the upper and lower sides of the pisJ ion and balances the same. The springjn of the gas valve forces the stem 0 down which in turn carries the arm Z to the left. The gas valve is thus shut. The arm Z rocks the lever and the upper end thereof engages the piston rod J and 'forces the piston in its downward posiion. The 'valves R still remain open9 but es ille water in llie tube D cools lie copper lube O contracts pullingA llie porcelain upward, causing flic arme f sind j eo engage the block 7i forcing the outer cede of 'ille .firms downwardly. The arme sim-NL filing *elle roei Tlf zmrl engaging the pine U will rli'ew the plaie S downwerilly end caos@ the velf'es 'lo Seat liemeelvee.

ln. @raler` lo prevent Elie clevice from overheating should the piston l slick ille cyl-- iocler when nevwaiter is; col"l of?, ehe fusible plug will fuse allowing the valve pieon y to be foi'cecl downwardly in elle nipple by the piessui'e of the spring n of elle gai-s velve e, the ueed plug being forced from Elie elo ple through the openings e. When this oecure, it; Will loe Seen thai. the gas valve is shui; oir enel the homere exlingoisheel. lilter elle plug 1s ueerl in oreler to engem op emite the several parte lleve to lao seiereteri and e plug pieeed lierein.

ln order io eclgueiiiie cleric@ etclifeien' legreee of temperature el; which ilse v'elve tief openeil elle .member i? is ecljnselile on elle valve elem 09 ee shown.

` ln the modiliceiion Shown in liligs. -l eo 8, Jalle coil SZ ieA likewise eupplieel Willi cel VWater from a, pipe 5 el; the upper emi of llie coil. The lower enol oi; ille coil lies e.' Weei'" discharge pipe leading through tlie casing incl connected to the cylinder 7. The op-y posite side ol the cylincler hee e discharge 8 connectel thereto sind which leeds so the (le Sirecl poin, but for the convenience of illustration, l lieve shown the eucel v9 connected to the pipe adjeceni: tile casini?. The cylinder' 7 is provided al ile upper* eide with e passage l@ extending .epproximaeely lille Whole leegli of 4Elie cylinder enel lo which conneeitenl illepipe 6 .leading from ille coil 2. The opposie sicle oi ille cylinder is provideo?. es'li e passage "il: on elle outsirle of the eylimler, enel extends from the rem' enel lo elooiii; miclwey length sind this passage hee lle elieolieiige pipe 8 connected iii) in coiiiieimieeiion llieewilli. The cylinfiel iis oujler enel inieriorly screw illreeilefl et l2, enel into which is screwed, a cylinder lieeil i3, which is of e convex form es shown in Fig'. Within ille cylinder is a. piston M, lieifing e cenirel Welyportion 15 having en opening in *elle center thereof.

The seid piston is iiiemeliy ihreedecl et 16y and into Wliieli is eeiewefl oep 17, which is of e convex v'.iorin ol the saine Shepe as 'the liearl. 13 ol the cylinder0 The heed lil, es shown, is provideol Willi e'. cylimlricel exlensimi i3 eclepled te receive llie nipple 17 carried 'by the oep l? of the piston.4 This cap forms e. hollow pislonE will ce hereinafter more 'fully descrilieil. The nipple l?" is providleil .if'itli e peesegewey ihere* lliougli enel seul peseege. is closefl bye eerewl-lireadefl plug; l. oerried by the cap ond. rigidly' Secured thereto is e diaphragm lll which 'forme e .space 9() in the end of the ofi-p .lll The clieplnegimas before deecribeel, secured lo the Cep and in sucli e manner 'time llie space 9,0 is perfectly mir-iight. This epilee 2() ie perlielly illecl Willie volatile peinture end, licrmelicelly sealed by 1ille plug l. The expansion this iuicl, caused lijf 'the hol:- waer, will move lube diaphragm inwardly. Closing lie opening' l5 in the web l5 is e valve 20 opening inwerflly and elle valve-siem Qi extending outwardly acl jacent the diaphragm. The outer end of the Valve ete-m ie provicieil with en enlarged mit .Qa which beers against the rliepllragm. Elerrounfliiag the seem. 2l i@ a coil-spring 22, which beers against ilie web l5 and Ahe nut 21 emi normally holds the valve in the closed position, es shown vin Fig. 5 of the olrewinge. The' oep 17 on 'lli-e inside of the cliepl'irezgm i9 is provided lWilli a. Series of o'ieniiigs 23 around the periphery end which register with tlie ennolar passage 24 between the pieien la enel lie cap 13. This annuler passage wey communicates with openings 25 communicating with the chamber peseage lll and whereby the Water is eilepieil to enlei` the piston between, lie web l5A and elle diaphragm. The valve 20 is so constructed, that there is a slight leakage lirougii or around lie seme, when in its normal closed condition, so es to establish e slight circulation of the Weiler in the initial starting of the heater. My improved device is regulated by the diilerence of pressure on the .inlet incl delivery side of the pieton oy restricting or increasing the How of Weller through ille pislon or een 4be regulated for cliierent temperatures by the loypaee 26 in the passage l@ which controlled the screw 27 secured through the vside of the cylinder es clearly shown in Fig. The pison l5 lios no rigid or poeitive piston rofl connection, but bearing aga-inst the inner side of ille piston is :i Seucersliepefl niember 28, which is of a, diameter considerably greater than the passage l5 inthe Web and Seid member 28 is provided with recesses 2D in its eflgje which form passages to allow the Wale!! to ow from the same. The saucerslmpeclinember provided with e nipple 30, having e recess 3l 1n its outer end communieating with the saucershaped member hrougli the opening Closing the outer end of ilse nipple 30 is u oep 33, and within the recess is e piston 34;. Connected to the piston 3lis e piston rocl 35 whicliextends outwardly through ille cap 'endtllrough the stuiing box 3G in ille enel of the cylinder. Surrounoline?` the cap ie el. coiledepring 37. which lies one end bearing against Ehe end of elle eylincler 'and lie opposite enel bearing iinirl limi; will vepoi'ize e (eeired lem against the flange 38 of the cap, 'and where by the saucer-shaped member 28 is held tight against the piston. 'Within the recess 30 is a fusible plug 39, which normally holds the piston 34 in an outward position. This fusible plug 9 is made of a material that will' fuse at a certain temperature and should the piston 14 become stuck in the cylinder by the water becoming too hot or should it stick after the water is shut orf, the plug will fuse and the piston 34 will be forced inwardly to allow the gas to be cut oil" which will be hereinafter more fully described. The cylinder 7 is supportedby a U-shaped bracket 40 which is secured to a plate 41, which is attachedto the side of the casing l of the heater. rlfhe cylinder, as before stated, is secured to one arm of the bracket 40, while the valve case 42 is carried by the other arm of the bracket. This 4valve ease is in a horizontal alinement with the cylinder and concentric therewith. The valve. case is provided with a valve seat 43, upon which is seated the valve 44 held in said position by a spring 45, which is held in the tubular extension 4G of the casing 42.

- The outer end of the tubular extension is internally threaded at 47 and in which is screwed a plug 48, whereby the tension of the spring 45 on the Valve 44 may be increased or. decreased as in desired and necessary. The tubular member 46 yis provided 'with a cap 48', which guards against any possible leakage of gas from the casing.

The casing has connected thereto the gas supply-pipe"'49,"and the gas discharge pipe 50 leading to the burners. Connectcdto the easing 44, adjacent the supply pipe 49 is a small pipe 51, which leads to the pilot light or burner 4, whereby the same is always supplied with gas so that the pilot light is not extinguished upon the operation of the valve. The valve 44 is provided with a valve-stem 47, which extends outwardly through a stulling box 48 carried by the casing and said valve stem is in an exact hori zontal alinement with the piston rod 35, whereby the piston rod 35 engages the valve stem and unseat-s the gas-valve, as will be later more fully described. The end of the valve-stem 47 has screwed therein a thumbscrew 4S), which has an enlarged head against which the piston-rod abuts and the enlarged head making an enlarged abutting tace for the piston-rod'. The screw 49 is adjusted within the valve stem whereby the valve is operated by a greater or less movei' ment of the piston-rod l'n operation, the pilot-light of the heater is at all times burning and thecoil 2 is filled with water. The spring 37 holds the saucer-shaped member 2S up against the web 15 od' the piston 14, and thus holding the piston in the position shown in Fig. The piston rod 35 is therefore held away from the valve stem and gas supply is cut off. lVhen'it is desired to draw hot Water, the faucet 9 is opened, the water flows into the passage 10 and out through the opening 25 into the space 24 and forcing the piston 14 to the right, Fig. 5, causing the pisto rod 35 to engage the valve stem 47', opening the valve 44 and allowing the gas to flow to the burners 3, where it is ignited. In order to equalize to a certain amount the water pressure on each side of the piston, water passes through the opening 26 communicating with ythe passage 11, whereby there would be a slight flow of water through the spigot. The burners having been lighted the water is becoming heated and is passed from the space 24 through the opening 23 within the piston and the valve 20 not fitting tight, as heretofore lescribed, a certain amount of water passes out through the valve and through the opening 2G, into the passage 11 and thence out through the faucet, this flow of water being very small compared with the full flow that will pass through the faucet when the water has become heated to a certain temperature. There being a circulation or flow Vof water through the compartment or space within the piston it will be seen that the water rapidly becomes heated. The hot water within this space after it has risen to a certain temperature, causes the Vola-tile liquid in the space 2O to vaporize forcing the diaphragm rearwardly which forces the valve stein 21 inwardly and unseats the valve 20 and allows the full flow of Water through the valve. The water enters the saucer-shaped member and passes outwardly through the openings 29 into the passage 113 and out through the faucet, When the" faucet is turned ott the pressure of the water in the cylinder becomes equal on each side of the piston so that the spring 37 returns the piston 14 to its norn'ialposition which carries with it the piston rod 35, releasing the valve stem and the spring 45 seating the valve 44 and cutting off the gas. Should, for any reason, the piston refuse to return .Pto its normal position when the faucet is sluit off, in order to prevent the overheating of the water and burning out of the heater, the fusible plug 39 will fuse and the spring 45 will force the Valve back to its seat and the piston 34 will move in the nipple 30v forcing the fused plug out through the opening 32 and thus cutting off the ltlow of gas. W hen this occurs it is impossible to again start the burner by operating the faucet until' the severed parts are separated and cleaned and a new fusible plug placed in the nipple.

W'liile l have shown my automatic regulator applied to this form of heater, it will be understood that this all can be varied without departing from my invention.

- tarding thelcw of water through the cha-in-` heater, a reciprocating piston in'said cham-- ber, means carried by said pistonV for re'- ber until .ithas become heated, and means connected with the `piston for opening the.

2. A device of the character described,

comprising a heating coil, a cylinder rcceiving the Vwater therefrom, a water discharge connected from the cylinder, a pistn in the cylinder, a gas supply valve ad-V jacent the cylinder, means operated by the piston for operating the val've, and' auto matic means carried by the piston for contrtlling the discharge of water from the of water.

3. A device of the character described,l

' comprising a cylinder, a water supply and discharge connected tothe cylinder, a piston in the cylinder, a gas supply valve adjacent the cylinder, means operated by the ,movement of the pistonffor operating the valve and thermostatic means carried by 'the piston for controlling the 'discharge o'water from the cylinder.. y

A, device of the character, described, comprising a cylinder, al piston` therein a'ndadapted to control the gas-supply-by water pressure on the piston, thermostatic 'means carriedV by the piston for controlling the discharge of the water from the` cylinder.

5. A device of the character. described comprising a cylinder, a piston therein, an

" charge of the water from the cylinder, and

adapted vtocontrolthe gas supply by water pressure thereon, thermostatic means carried by the piston for. controlling the disa'fusiblc plugcapable of allowing the gas valve to close. i A

G. AThe combination with a heater, a cyl?. inder adjacent thereto and having a supply connected with the heater, a discharge ro.

the cylinder, a gas supply valve concentric with the cylinder, a piston in the cylinder and moved bythe water pressurev in the cylinder, means operated bythe piston for operating the valve, and thermostatic means carried by the piston for controlling the wateridischarged from the cylinder.

.7. ri'hc combination with a heater, of a ;'linder adjacent thereto and through which the water from the heaterl passes, a' piston within the cylinder and adapted to control the gas supply to the heater, a valve carried 'ter by the piston and controlling the flow of wa ziirough the cylinder, and thermostatic i `tor controlling said valve. rifle combination withfa heater, of a cylinder adjacent thereto and through which er, and operated by thetemperature through* the cylinder, a piston inthe cylinsupply valve, an

in the cylinder for openingthegas ling the tube with the valvewliereby/ temperature of the Water extends ,op :ex-f2.: lpands the tubes and opens said-valte to'ry- "allow the .valve to pass through'said'` cylthe water from the heater passes, automatic. means' for retardingr the flow of `water through the cylinder, a pistonwithin the cylinder and adapted to^"control the" gas. .supply to the heater, and afusible plug within the cylinder and adapted to allow` the .gras valve toclose should thepiston stick' in the, cylinder. Y

9. TheA combination with a heater, 0f a cylinder adjacent thereto and through which the water from the heater passes, a piston within the cylinder, meansoperated' by the piston for opening the gas valve, avalve `carried by .the lpiston and controlling thel water supply through the cylinder andtherf mostatic means operating said'valve carried bythe piston. "f f .10. The combination with a heater, of a cylinder adjacent thereto and through which y the water from the heater passes, automatic means for retard'ing the Vflow of vvaterif"l ofwa-ter throughthef cylinder,'a piston"v rod operated by the iston-and opeing'the-gasffff d a usible'plug connection l between the piston Aand the -piston 12; The combination with a.h'.eater,'ff ag cylinder adjacent ther'etoand through which t e'water passes from the cylinder, a mov-V .f t able member operatedby the water pressure su ply 105 pipe, valves in said cylinderforicontr ng the supply of water through. theI cylindeltf'j a tube within the cylinder, leaves connectinder. 1'3.`The cylinder adjacent vtheretoand through which the water passes from thecylinder', a piston in the cylinder and operated upon by the pressure of the water in thecylinder, means operated by the piston for opening th gas supply valve, valves carried' bythe piston,.. pivoted levers carried by said piston, a p0rcclain tube engaging the levers to prevent the valve from bein unseated, and a tube carried by the cylin e`r and-adapted to expand by the temperature of the water-.in the cylinder and move the piston and valve'lef vers away from the porcelain tube whereby the pressure of the waterwill unseat the A valve. Y-

14. The combinatmn with a heater, cfa 13 manation wiay their@ rra l 20 tog open the valve.

c linder adjacent thereto and through which tile water passes'from the cylinder, a piston in the cylinderand operated upon by the pressure of the water therein, afpistonrod extending from the cylinder, means opera'td 'byzthe piston rod foropenings. spring closedgas supply.l valve, said piston having .passages therethrough, valves closing said passage but allowing a slight flow 10 ogwater therethrough, intermediately pivoted levers carried by the pistons, the outer ends of the arms connected 'to the valves,

a porcelain tube engaging .the-inner ends of \the levers to limit the downward movement 1 5 thereof, a copper tube surroundin the porcelain tube and connected vto tie piston whereby the expanding of the copper tube moves the iston away from-the porcelain tube and a lows the'pressure ofthe water l5. A device of he character described` comprising a cylinder, a water supply and dischargeconnected to;tl1e Cylinder, a'pis-A ton within the cylinder, and thermostat-ic means carried by the piston for cont-rolling the discharge of water from the" cylinder. 16.v A device of the character described, comprising a cylinder, a water supply and discharge" connectedvto the cylinder, a pis# t0n in the cylinder,` a gas supply valve adjacent the cylinder, meansfoperated by the movement of the piston for operating the valve, and means carried by the piston and controlled by the temperature of the water :5 for controlling the discharge of water from the cylinder. y 17. The combination with a heater, of a cylinder adjacent thereto Aand vthrough which the water passes from the heater, a 40 piston in the cylinder` and operated upon by the lpressure ofthe water inthe cylinder, means operated by, the movement of the piston for opening the gas supply valve to tli'eburners, valves carried by the piston, andan expansible tubecarried by the piston and adapted to expand bythetemperature of thewater inthe cylinder'and movethe variations of the temperature of the heated piston andvalves wherebythe pressure of the watery-will Aunseat the valves, substantially as shown and described. 50

18. In a Water heater the -combination of a water heating chamberfprovided with a discharge passage, a heating element for the'waterin said chamber, armotor actuated by the. water-Which Hows through said Water heating chamber forcontrolling said heating element, and means carried by the movin'glelem'ent of said mot-or for varying L the flow'- ofthe water through thewater 'heatingchamber acordin zto the variations 601 l of .the temperature-of t cheated water' within' the said discharge passage. v

19. In a .waterjheaten'th'e combination of a water heating 'chamberj provided with a discharge passage, a heating elementfor the water in said chamber, a motor actuated by the water which flows throughA the said water heat-ing chamber for-controlling said heatingelement, said motor being formedwith a valve-controlled passage. for the 'wa- `70 'ter and means carried by the moving eleton being formed with a vvalve-controlledA passage for the water, anda thermostat 'carried by said piston 'for governing said-85 valve-controlled passage according tort-he water within said discharge passage.

l In testimony' whereof I hereunto aiix my signature in the `BEN AMIN E. MEACHAliLp' Witnesses: Y.

C. E. VAN DnUsnN, A. C. CALHOUN.

fdiheharge pasresence of-two witnesses.. v. 

